Judaism” developed: (1) the sacred writings (= the Old Testament); (2) the synagogue (with new liturgical and nonsacrificial worship); and (3) Rabbinism (culminating in Talmud and Midrash). The priesthood persisted as the central political power in the land. Josephus says that Alexander the Great, pushing through Palestine on his way to Egypt from the conquest of Tyre, was greeted by Jaddua the high priest, and offered worship to the true God.4 Most modern historians reject the story as pure fiction.